Alcea (Hollyhock)

Claudia Parrott
November 1, 2023

Alcea, more popularly known as Hollyhock, is a genus of about 60 species of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. Revered for its stately presence and tall spires of large, colorful flowers, the Hollyhock is a staple in many traditional and cottage gardens.

Appearance and Characteristics

Hollyhocks are biennial or perennial plants known for their tall, erect stems that can reach heights of 5 to 8 feet (or even taller in ideal conditions). These stems showcase a series of large, round to heart-shaped leaves at the base, with smaller leaves along the stalk. The real show-stoppers, however, are the flowers. Arranged in an extended spike, they can be single or double and come in a spectrum of colors including white, yellow, pink, red, and purple. Their bloom period, which typically occurs in mid-summer, adds to the garden’s vertical interest.

General Requirements
Botanical Name	Alcea
Family	Malvaceae
Hardiness Zones	3 - 9 (USDA)
Plant Type	Short-lived Perennial, Biennial
Mature Size	H: 5 - 8' S: 1 - 2'
Light Requirements	Full Sun
Season of Interest	Summer (Mid, Late)

Planting and Care

Spacing: Space plants about 18-24 inches apart to ensure good air circulation.
Watering: Water regularly but avoid overhead watering, which can lead to fungal issues.
Feeding: A light application of a balanced fertilizer in early spring can support growth.
Support: Given their height, some Hollyhocks might require staking, especially in windy areas.
Pruning: Remove spent blooms to encourage more flowering and prevent self-seeding.

Perfect Settings for Growth

Hollyhocks excel in areas that mimic their native habitats of Western Asia and Europe. This means sunny locations, protected from strong winds, with moderately fertile soil.

They’re often found alongside fences, walls, or at the back of flower beds where their tall spires can rise and shine without overshadowing other plants.

Potential Challenges

Hollyhocks, while stunning, are not without their potential challenges:

Rust: This fungal disease is a common issue. Infected plants will have orange to yellow spots on their leaves. To manage, ensure good air circulation, water at the base of the plant, and remove infected leaves promptly.
Pests: Hollyhocks can be susceptible to pests like Japanese beetles and spider mites. Regular inspections and prompt action can keep these pests at bay.

Best to plant hollyhock in the back of a border behind other plants to hide its foliage.

Noteworthy Species and Cultivars

Alcea rosea is the traditional Hollyhock species, it displays a wide range of colors from white and yellow to pink, red, and purple.

Alcea rosea ‘Blacknight’: A deep, dark burgundy, almost black hue that stands out strikingly in gardens.

Alcea rosea ‘Radiant Rose’: A bright, luminous pink that captures the essence of classic rose shades.

Alcea rosea ‘Halo Bush’: Showcasing a halo pattern, with a pink center surrounded by white.

Alcea rosea ‘Chater’s Double…’: Characterized by its double flowers, ‘Chater’s Double’ boasts layered blooms in a medley of colors from white and pink to deep reds and purples.

Alcea rosea ‘Nigra’: Features blossoms that are near-black, adding a touch of mystery and depth to the garden.

Alcea rosea ‘Queeny Purple’: This cultivar is known for its regal, deep purple flowers, reminiscent of royal robes.

Alcea rosea ‘Fiesta Time’: True to its name, ‘Fiesta Time’ presents a lively array of magenta or deep pink fringed flowers, invoking a festive atmosphere.